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Title:: Animal model applied to electrical impedance tomography detection and prediction of epileptic seizures

Author(s):: WANG Rong; LIANG Guohua; ZHU Wenjing; WANG Lei; Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi＇an 710072, China

Keywords:: Electrical impedance tomography; Refractory epilepsy; Penicillin; Kainic acid; Pilocarpine; Electrical stimulation mode

摘要:: 癫痫是由于大脑神经元异常放电导致的神经性疾病。对于难治性癫痫患者的治疗关键是癫痫灶的准确定位，若无法定位，手术治疗将无法开展，因此,临床上亟需一种准确定位癫痫灶的成像技术。电阻抗断层成像（electrical impedance tomography ，EIT）是一种新兴的医学成像技术，可以准确定位病变部位，同时EIT已经被证实对于癫痫发作前期的脑血流变化具有较高的敏感性，可能实现对癫痫发作的预测。由于癫痫病灶区位于脑部的特殊性，因此，该研究的开展需要选择合适的动物模型。本文综述了目前已经应用于EIT研究的动物癫痫模型，立足于难治性癫痫发作检测及预测的需求，分析每种模型在EIT研究中的优势与局限性，意在寻找一种适用于EIT检测及预测癫痫发作的动物模型。

Abstract:: Epilepsy is a neurological disease caused by abnormal discharge of neurons in the brain. For patients with refractory epilepsy, the key to treatment is the accurate location of epileptic foci, if it cannot be located, surgical treatment will not be carried out, so there is an urgent need for an accurate localization of epileptic foci imaging technology. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a new medical imaging technology, which can accurately locate the lesion. At the same time, EIT has been proved to be highly sensitive to the changes of cerebral blood flow before seizures, which may realize the prediction of seizures. Because the epileptic focus is located in the brain, so the study needs to choose an appropriate animal model. We review the animal epileptic models that have been used in EIT research, based on the needs of detection and prediction of refractory seizures, and analyze the advantages and limitations of each model in EIT research, in order to find an animal model suitable for EIT detection and prediction of seizures.